Search results for "equilibrium fluctuation"

showing 3 items of 3 documents

Evidence for the Existence of an Effective Interfacial Tension between Miscible Fluids: Isobutyric Acid-Water and 1-Butanol-Water in a Spinning-Drop …

2006

We report definitive evidence for an effective interfacial tension between two types of miscible fluids using spinning-drop tensiometry (SDT). Isobutyric acid (IBA) and water have an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) of 26.3 degrees C. We created a drop of the IBA-rich phase in the water-rich phase below the UCST and then increased the temperature above it. Long after the fluids have reached thermal equilibrium, the drop persists. By plotting the inverse of the drop radius cubed (r(-)(3)) vs the rotation rate squared (omega(2)), we confirmed that an interfacial tension exists and estimated its value. The transition between the miscible fluids remained sharp instead of becoming more…

SURFACE-TENSIONThermodynamicsGRADIENTSInstabilityIsobutyric acidSurface tensionchemistry.chemical_compoundNONEQUILIBRIUM FLUCTUATIONS1-ButanolIsobutyratesGRAVITYUpper critical solution temperatureElectrochemistrySurface TensionGeneral Materials ScienceSpectroscopyThermal equilibriumAqueous solutionDrop (liquid)ButanolDIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTWaterSurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsKORTEWEG STRESSESLIGHT-SCATTERINGCAPILLARY TUBESButyrateschemistrySolubilityLIQUID-MIXTURESSYSTEM
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THE PHYSICAL ORIGIN OF PROTEIN DYNAMICAL TRANSITION: A LIQUID-LIQUID TRANSITION IN HYDRATION WATER?

2015

In this thesis I study, by means of neutron scattering, calorimetry, and dielectric spectroscopy, the physical origin of protein dynamical transition (PDT) which is usually observed at ~230 K in protein hydrated powders and is deemed necessary for protein function. Measurements reported in this thesis have been performed on hydrated powders of Myoglobin. The combined use of different experimental techniques gives a coherent description of the PDT and reveals a connection with a liquid-liquid crossover occurring in the protein hydration water at about the same temperature. In order to deepen our understanding of this connection and to obtain a direct experimental evidence of the existence of…

deeply cooled confined waterprotein/hydration water relaxationphysical origin of the protein dynamical transitionprotein dynamical transitionhydration water liquid–liquid transitionProtein dynamicglass transitionequilibrium fluctuationdisordered silica xerogelSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)
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Hydration dependence of myoglobin dynamics studied with elastic neutron scattering, differential scanning calorimetry and broadband dielectric spectr…

2014

In this work we present a thorough investigation of the hydration dependence of myoglobin dynamics. The study is performed on D2O-hydrated protein powders in the hydration range 0<h<0.5 (h≡gr[D2O]/gr[protein]) and in the temperature range 20-300K. The protein equilibrium fluctuations are investigated with Elastic Neutron Scattering using the spectrometer IN13 at ILL (Grenoble), while the relaxations of the protein + hydration water system are investigated with Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy; finally, Differential Scanning Calorimetry is used to obtain a thermodynamic description of the system. The effect of increasing hydration is to speed up the relaxations of the myoglobin + hydration …

inorganic chemicalsWork (thermodynamics)BiophysicsNeutron scatteringMolecular Dynamics SimulationBiochemistryPhase Transitionchemistry.chemical_compoundDifferential scanning calorimetryAnimalsHorsesRange (particle radiation)Calorimetry Differential ScanningMyoglobinProtein dynamicsOrganic ChemistryDynamics (mechanics)WaterSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Neutron DiffractionMyoglobinchemistryChemical physicsDielectric SpectroscopyPhysical chemistryGlass transition•Protein dynamics •Equilibrium fluctuations •Protein/hydration water relaxations •Glass transition •Hydration water liquid-liquid transitionBiophysical chemistry
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